Aims: To investigate postpartum maternal mental health, wellbeing, physical activity, dietary, and sleep patterns during the coronavirus (COVID-19) social distancing restrictions.
Methods: 130 women residing in Australia in their first year postpartum were invited to complete an online survey during level 3 and 4 social distancing restrictions and again once restrictions had been lifted. Maternal mental health was assessed using the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale. Physical activity was assessed using the Godin-Shephard Leisure Score and accelerometry. Dietary patterns were assessed using an adapted food frequency questionnaire. Sleep and values for general health were assessed using non-validated Likert scales. Data was analysed using an ANOVA.
Results: Data from 45 participants (33 ± 4 y, 6 ± 4 months postpartum; BMI: 26 ± 4 kg.m-2) are presented. Mean depression, anxiety, and stress scores were significantly lower after COVID-19 compared to during restrictions (all p < 0.04). Similarly, maternal wellbeing was significantly improved after COVID-19 restrictions had lifted for social functioning, role limitations due to emotional health, and mental health (all p < 0.03). Interestingly, women increased their legume intake after COVID-19 restrictions had been lifted (p = 0.04). No differences were seen in the values upheld by women for their general health, sleep, relationships, weight, or physical activity (all p > 0.05).
Discussion: Data shows women in their first year postpartum during COVID-19 social distancing restrictions and though subsequent effects on sleep, diet, and physical activity remains to be determined following the analysis of food diaries and accelerometers. Data during the COVID-19 pandemic suggests whilst women were impacted by the social distancing restrictions, they do not compare to similar studies published internationally of women in the same demographic. This data will serve to provide further information for the necessary support women during the postpartum require in times of social isolation and pandemic environments.